What is gynecomastia?
It's the development of enlarged breast tissue in men, which can involve firm glandular tissue, excess fat, or a combination. It can affect one or both sides and, for many men, affects confidence more than health — though the cause is always worth understanding.
What causes it?
Common factors include hormonal changes (including during puberty), certain medications, some health conditions, and significant weight change. Because the cause guides the right approach, a consultation considers this first — occasionally another step should come before any surgery.
Do I need surgery, or will it resolve?
Some cases — particularly during puberty — settle on their own, and some relate to a medication or condition that can be addressed. Persistent gynecomastia that hasn't resolved, and that bothers you, is where surgery is usually considered. An honest assessment will tell you which applies to you.
What does surgery involve?
Surgery typically combines removing firm glandular tissue with liposuction of excess fat, balanced to your chest, through discreet incisions. It's performed under general anaesthesia or sedation as advised. See our gynecomastia surgery page for detail.
What results can I expect?
The aim is a flatter, firmer, natural-looking chest contour with discreet scars. As with any surgery, results vary between individuals, and your surgeon will set realistic expectations for your case.
What is recovery like?
Expect a rest period with swelling and tenderness easing over the following weeks, a compression garment to support the chest, and limited strenuous activity for a time. See the recovery guide.
Can it come back?
In some cases recurrence is possible — maintaining a stable weight and addressing any underlying cause (such as a medication) helps reduce that chance. Your surgeon will discuss this with you.